They are mostly caused by heat stress. My outdoor temps got up to 109 and of course my window AC gave up the ghost that day and in spite of all my efforts, I got some significant leave damage on my plants. They've mostly recovered with probably just a slight drop in overall yield, but all 4 strains started throwing up foxtails like crazy. On a side note, the extreme heat stress caused them to produce a ton of trichomes a few days later, really early on in flower. They aren't bad at all, just be sure to check the trichs elsewhere on the plant when determining harvest date.