Antagonism = too much of one nutrient can cause lockout of another nutrient (red arrows), as in, too much calcium can lock out potassium
Synergism = plant needs more of one nutrient when it has an abundance of another nutrient (green arrows), as in, excess phosphorous increases the demand for magnesium
Basically for those times when you're like, "I'm giving it more of 'x' but the problem isn't going away"...