Here is an official explanation, except this changes the gender to boys and the weekday to Tuesday.
Let's list the equally likely possibilities of children, together with the days of the week they are born in. Let's call a boy born on a Tuesday a BTu. Our possible situations are:
When the first child is a BTu and the second is a girl born on any day of the week: there are seven different possibilities.
When the first child is a girl born on any day of the week and the second is a BTu: again, there are seven different possibilities.
When the first child is a BTu and the second is a boy born on any day of the week: again there are seven different possibilities.
Finally, there is the situation in which the first child is a boy born on any day of the week and the second child is a BTu – and this is where it gets interesting. There are seven different possibilities here too, but one of them – when both boys are born on a Tuesday – has already been counted when we considered the first to be a BTu and the second on any day of the week. So, since we are counting equally likely possibilities, we can only find an extra six possibilities here.
Summing up the totals, there are 7 + 7 + 7 + 6 = 27 different equally likely combinations of children with specified gender and birth day, and 13 of these combinations are two boys. So the answer is 13/27, which is very different from 1/3.
It seems remarkable that the probability of having two boys changes from 1/3 to 13/27 when the birth day of one boy is stated – yet it does, and it's quite a generous difference at that.
http://www.newscientist.com/article...ing-of-mathemagical-tricksters.html?full=true
