If you are going to use a carbon filter your best bet is to use an inline centrifugal fan. The squirrel cage fan might work but the centrifugal fans handle back pressure much better.
You want to pull air with your fan, not push it, so you want the fan at the end of your chain not the beginning. So it goes like this:
Carbon filter -> hose -> Light -> hose -> Fan -> Connector/hose -> Exhaust Vent
Don't try to go cheap on the fan either. You'll just end up buying something you can't use and you'll still have to buy the more expensive fan anyway.
I don't know your situation but you can get a good, inexpensive inline 6 inch fan that does 435cfm for about $120-$150, insulated A/C hose for about $25 for 20 feet, and you'll need an air offtake to use as the exhaust and some clamps which should run you about another $20.
Other than that yeah, you need an oscillating fan too. I went a little crazy though; in addition to all that I add a big floor fan that moves about 1,500cfm to blow the air in the room around; I have it blowing just above the plants. Oh, I also have a 1,500cfm blowing on the ballasts and another 500cfm (the one I bought that won't work for cooling lights) that blows air around the base of the plants.
Just make sure you aren't beating the hell out of your plants with the fan.