you got it too cold at night,
colder water less DO% (dissolved oxygen) warmer water more DO%
try heating pads(cheaper) under the buckets. their sitting on concrete arent they?
i did say it backwards wow im an ass. so srry dude. you are correct.
i really cant tell air pump size i always bought the biggest one lol. but it sounds like you got this, you could mess around with RWDC and get the waterfall effect and you wont have to use air pump, but focus on what you got going on now sounds like you will be alright.
Im going with a 300 l / h. They say 1watt/gallon, which usually ends around 300l/h aka 5liter/min for 20-25l bucket
I try to keep mine above 19 degrees at night to avoid mold/fungus problems.
From my experience and research, optimal water temp for our plants is around 72 degrees, although colder water can carry more DO than warmer water, you should still keep water temps around that 70 mark for optimal growing conditions. The trick is to keep it around that AND raise DO at the same time, anything above 10mg/L of 02 saturation means you've got it nailed