Climate in the 21st Century

Will Humankind see the 22nd Century?

  • Not a fucking chance

    Votes: 44 27.5%
  • Maybe. if we get our act together

    Votes: 42 26.3%
  • Yes, we will survive

    Votes: 74 46.3%

  • Total voters
    160

Budley Doright

Well-Known Member

DIY-HP-LED

Well-Known Member
Oh good! It’s a Canadian based mining company, we know how much they care about the environment ……… what could go wrong :o!
There's money to be made on that thar caldaria! Besides It's a big place, so expect lots of American competition. We need lithium for now to go green, with EVs in particular and batteries made from it should get quite a bit better and more energy dense. Other chemistries will be used too, particularly for stationary use and we will need lots of grid storage and HVDC interconnectors too. It's either this shit or we keep burning fossil fuels and one way to drive costs down and speed adoption is mass production at all stages, there are a ton of battery factories springing up like mushrooms and they will need raw materials.
 

BudmanTX

Well-Known Member
There's money to be made on that thar caldaria! Besides It's a big place, so expect lots of American competition. We need lithium for now to go green, with EVs in particular and batteries made from it should get quite a bit better and more energy dense. Other chemistries will be used too, particularly for stationary use and we will need lots of grid storage and HVDC interconnectors too. It's either this shit or we keep burning fossil fuels and one way to drive costs down and speed adoption is mass production at all stages, there are a ton of battery factories springing up like mushrooms and they will need raw materials.
but at what costs to the enviroment......this caldera is also:

"However, the plan has been criticized due to the environmental impact of mining and claims that the site is on sacred Native American land. "

no volcano is ever extinct....js
 

DIY-HP-LED

Well-Known Member
but at what costs to the enviroment......this caldera is also:

"However, the plan has been criticized due to the environmental impact of mining and claims that the site is on sacred Native American land. "

no volcano is ever extinct....js
Not my call, but there are national energy policy priorities and big money involved so take it from there. These deposits were produced hydrothermally I believe mineral rich springs feeding a lake over time since they are in clay. Mining it is not too big an issue, refining it might be though and that uses water. Once most of the planet is converted into EVs say in 20 years and there is a robust recycling program, how much lithium will we need? I mean there are plenty of other chemistries that might be used like sodium, especially for stationary applications, flow and iron batteries for grid scale storage. It appears lithium will be the king of EVs and devices for a while with plenty of new variants based on silicon and sulfur, not to mention solid state and a lot less or non-flammable.
 

BudmanTX

Well-Known Member
Not my call, but there are national energy policy priorities and big money involved so take it from there. These deposits were produced hydrothermally I believe mineral rich springs feeding a lake over time since they are in clay. Mining it is not too big an issue, refining it might be though and that uses water. Once most of the planet is converted into EVs say in 20 years and there is a robust recycling program, how much lithium will we need? I mean there are plenty of other chemistries that might be used like sodium, especially for stationary applications, flow and iron batteries for grid scale storage. It appears lithium will be the king of EVs and devices for a while with plenty of new variants based on silicon and sulfur, not to mention solid state and a lot less or non-flammable.
mining is kinda of an issue, cause they're gonna have to do it ecologically to the enviroment.....

the other issue i have is also the refining as u mentioned, and it uses more that just water....js

 

DIY-HP-LED

Well-Known Member
mining is kinda of an issue, cause they're gonna have to do it ecologically to the enviroment.....

the other issue i have is also the refining as u mentioned, and it uses more that just water....js

I don't like it, but because of shifting priorities, conflicting needs and climate change, I'm not about to hang a protest sign around my neck about it. The needs mitigate other feelings I might have about it, as long as it is done responsibly and that depends on the government you elect, Trump nearly killed the EPA with deregulation and corrupt leadership. There are more modern extraction methods that use a lot less water and are more efficient and I posted on them in this thread a while back. One uses a chemical that attracts and binds to the lithium and then is separated from it in another process and is recycled.
 

BudmanTX

Well-Known Member
nice to see the research, and i would hope they can put the science to use....and soon....

this one is good, my stopping point is when they re-inject the brine into the earths crust again (imo contamination of water supplies is where i'm going with it)

thanks for the read
 

DIY-HP-LED

Well-Known Member
nice to see the research, and i would hope they can put the science to use....and soon....



this one is good, my stopping point is when they re-inject the brine into the earths crust again (imo contamination of water supplies is where i'm going with it)

thanks for the read
The thing is many of these predictions don't take new innovations into account, it might take a spell to get from the lab to industrial use, but the high potential profits and government incentives can compress that timeframe considerably for mining, extracting and building batteries. After the lessons with Russia, Europe and energy, Biden isn't about to make America dependent on China for anything and he has a list of shit with Lithium and rare earths on it, so does the EU. There will be a lot of batteries on the market and several kinds of them will be lithium based, but there are likely to be other alternatives too based on sodium, zinc and aluminum for small scale use including EVs. Already we have vastly improved regular Li-ion cells, LFP, LMFP cells and now solid-state and silicon-based anodes, of a couple of types and sodium batteries too, which are expected to improve to current Li-ion levels over a couple of generations. The breakthroughs in battery tech are in the news daily, many solving roadblocks in alternate chemistries or in production and there are new battery factories announced regularly, they will need raw materials.
 

DIY-HP-LED

Well-Known Member
nice to see the research, and i would hope they can put the science to use....and soon....



this one is good, my stopping point is when they re-inject the brine into the earths crust again (imo contamination of water supplies is where i'm going with it)

thanks for the read
A lot of people like to compare the energy available in a battery per kWh with that of gasoline (13.1 kWh/kg), but electric drive is 90% efficient and ICE cars...

"Of all the chemical energy in gasoline, only about 15 percent gets converted into the mechanical energy that actually moves the car. The EPA says over 17 percent of the energy is lost as the engine idles, and a whopping 62 percent is lost in the engine due to heat and friction".

Kinda changes the equation, doesn't it? Let's be generous and say 20% moves the car, 2.6 kW/kg, compared to a next generation lithium silicon battery of say 1kWh/kg and higher future energy densities are possible.
 

BudmanTX

Well-Known Member
The thing is many of these predictions don't take new innovations into account, it might take a spell to get from the lab to industrial use, but the high potential profits and government incentives can compress that timeframe considerably for mining, extracting and building batteries. After the lessons with Russia, Europe and energy, Biden isn't about to make America dependent on China for anything and he has a list of shit with Lithium and rare earths on it, so does the EU. There will be a lot of batteries on the market and several kinds of them will be lithium based, but there are likely to be other alternatives too based on sodium, zinc and aluminum for small scale use including EVs. Already we have vastly improved regular Li-ion cells, LFP, LMFP cells and now solid-state and silicon-based anodes, of a couple of types and sodium batteries too, which are expected to improve to current Li-ion levels over a couple of generations. The breakthroughs in battery tech are in the news daily, many solving roadblocks in alternate chemistries or in production and there are new battery factories announced regularly, they will need raw materials.
it will take a spell in the overall time frames......going from lab to industrial use......is gonna take long time with out money and other resources. I realize the EV's are coming, it's just the time frame and the tech. The tech on the ground is not there at all aka charging stations and the such. The tech that gets the lab to the industrial us is not there, with exception to the tech they are using now. Agreed the science is there, but how do you get it running in an industrial setting, there is nother time limitation. imho i really don't see thing being like this till maybe nother 10yr or so, maybe even 20.......could be longer....

meanwhile.....what is out planet gonna look like by then.....just putting it out there
 

BudmanTX

Well-Known Member
A lot of people like to compare the energy available in a battery per kWh with that of gasoline (13.1 kWh/kg), but electric drive is 90% efficient and ICE cars...

"Of all the chemical energy in gasoline, only about 15 percent gets converted into the mechanical energy that actually moves the car. The EPA says over 17 percent of the energy is lost as the engine idles, and a whopping 62 percent is lost in the engine due to heat and friction".

Kinda changes the equation, doesn't it? Let's be generous and say 20% moves the car, 2.6 kW/kg, compared to a next generation lithium silicon battery of say 1kWh/kg and higher future energy densities are possible.
they are possible, and i've always here idle in a vehicle is bad for the vehicle over all and actually u use more fuel.....

personally i like toyota's concept......very small motor in the front 1.2ltr or 1.3ltr dsl motor, and a generator behind it. While driving regualarly the generator or the electric vehicle drives around...till you get on the highway, then the little motor steps in. While the little motor steps in, the generator act like a recharger for the batteries and so on....<--this is something that is feesable and is on the ground now and running...and it should be for other car manufactures as well at least for a model till total electric is achieved
 

DIY-HP-LED

Well-Known Member
Based on this, Lithium air would be the way to go for sheer power density, but it might be a problem realizing it. Even so, the 20 to 30% efficiency of ICE cars must be taken into account. There are inefficiencies in charging the battery, but once charged the electric motor efficiency is often over 90% and there is no transmission and fewer frictional losses. Whittle that 12,700 kWh/Kg for gasoline down to 2540 kWh/kg where the rubber meets the road. It still does very good job, but the gap doesn't seem so wide when engine efficiencies are taken into account.

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DIY-HP-LED

Well-Known Member
it will take a spell in the overall time frames......going from lab to industrial use......is gonna take long time with out money and other resources. I realize the EV's are coming, it's just the time frame and the tech. The tech on the ground is not there at all aka charging stations and the such. The tech that gets the lab to the industrial us is not there, with exception to the tech they are using now. Agreed the science is there, but how do you get it running in an industrial setting, there is nother time limitation. imho i really don't see thing being like this till maybe nother 10yr or so, maybe even 20.......could be longer....

meanwhile.....what is out planet gonna look like by then.....just putting it out there
We will see and are off to a flying start with batteries and lots of room to improve, billions are now pouring into R&D with the idea being products to sell. A lot of this lab work is about improving existing processes too and those very long life LMFP batteries will be made in America with a plant being built in Michigan. There are at least 3 different large companies producing sodium batteries or will soon be and they are expected to improve considerably in energy density, not as good as lithium will be but near where Li-ion batteries are now. That will be good enough for small cheap EVs, scooters. ebikes and cheap home PV storage making home solar more popular. Expect to see more solar shingles and roofing tiles that look traditional and made for the domestic market and cheap sodium batteries should make it feasible.
 

DIY-HP-LED

Well-Known Member

How The Next Batteries Will Change the World
1,053,558 views Mar 10, 2021 #Green #BloombergQuicktake #TheSpark
Silicon Valley is about to commercialize revolutionary technology that will enable huge breakthroughs in the battle against global warming.
 
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