The Biotechnology of Cannabis sativa

110100100

Well-Known Member
My main point is genetic engineering as a whole is something that is barely understood. We do not understand how DNA functions, even when dealing with lower level organism such as plants. How can we modify the DNA when we don't understand it. There is no responsible way of using genetic engineering in its current form. A few decades when we have done much more work on it I would like to see it being used on a wider scale, but not now, not when it would do more harm then good. Even when people with the best intentions cannot use it responsibly in its current state. I also do not think that we need to. There is a reason plants produce harmful chemicals, it helps them survive, you might be doing more harm then good. And THC and many of the other helpful compounds can always be extracted using simple procedures. Hell if you gave me a few simple widely used solvents, a few pieces of lab equipment, I could give you some of the purest extract that you have ever had. Using barely any heat, so no lost of THC and no chance of solvents being left in the final product. And with time the separate compounds can be separated if I used some other methods, this would mean you would only get the specific pain relief that the patient needs. And no need to be using untested genetic engineering.
Unfortunately I don't think anything you or I or anyone else has to say for that matter will have much affect on genetic engineering of plants or animals. It's already being done and dollar signs will ensure that it will continue. Chances are you've already eaten genetically engineered corn and that's the worst part about this whole thing is there is no warning telling you about it.
 

WadeZilla

Member
No offense but I really hope you don't, any genetic engineering should be done by someone that is trained and fully understands it. Messing with the DNA of any living thing should not be done unless you have a background with biochemistry, and I am not just talking about high school biology, I mean read multiple books and papers on biology and chemistry, have put in the lab work learning the techniques, and have understand the risk associated with it. You will also need to acquire many of the tools which they use to even come close to being able to duplicate it. Just the grow chamber that he uses is a extremely expensive instrument. I would not be surprised if it cost him a few thousand. In my old lab we had one that was a few years old, work well but my prof said it was just to expensive to buy another one. This guy has funding from the Clinton foundation. Also bacteria lines are really expensive, you also have to store them in a -80C freezer, costing tens of thousands, with liquid nitrogen or you cannot use them for more then 24 hrs. And creating enough bacteria to run a series of experiments can take a few days.

If you are truly interested in this I do suggest you put in the time understanding the science and ask around if you can work in a lab if you have the qualifications to learn the skills. I have been working in a lab for 2 years, and I did some genetic engineering and organic chemistry, and I know that I would not be able to duplicate his experiments properly. Not just because I still need to learn more, also because I do not have the funds to even dream about doing this.
I am a graduate student in botany/molecular biology and routinely perform transgenics/transient expression with plants. I respectfully disagree with you on a few points of your anti-transgenics argument. The growth chambers required, most likely Percivall controlled chambers, are pretty expensive at around $10,000. But many research universities have these available. You do need to store bacteria in a -80 freezer but you don't use liquid N2 you use glycerol in a 15% final concentration. The bacterial line may be a little expensive but once you have cells you can propogate them for a long time and make competent cells for transformations. Another thing you mentioned is the use of viruses for transgenics and how this increases viral resistance to drugs in the environment. I do not use viruses for this, I use Agrobacterium and its ability to insert foreign DNA into a host. Also bombardment with a gene gun and DNA-bound beads shot onto plant callus. then there's no bacteria OR viruses. I definitely think that Cannabis transgenics are possible and not just for THC% increase, but to also upregulate terpene production or introduce certain terpenes particular strains don't produce. These can have antitumorogenic and antimicrobial properties as well as increase psychoactivity.

Just a few points and ideas. I am very interested in this area of research and will find a way to work in Cannabis molecular biology/biotechnology. Peace.
 

RRLBT420

Active Member
Hi everyone,

Hope you will forgive introducing myself in this part of the forum. I just wanted you all to be aware of this:

The Biotechnology of Cannabis Sativa

It's a free discourse on the ways biotechnology (genetic engineering) may be applied to increase cannabis potency and to possibly create a whole mess of novel structural phenotypes.

Most (if not all) of the genes in the THC production pathways have been sequenced and can be obtained for free on sites like NCBI's entrez.

Sam Zwenger, the author of the pdf I linked even goes on to document actual transgenic GFP (green fluorescent protein) cannabis. Doesn't look like much, but this is a milestone in DIY genetic engineering. Next year, I hope to duplicate his results and possibly start my own transgenic cannabis projects.

Monsanto's already way ahead of you, but they play god in order to lower potency. they produced seeds at the University of Mississippi, potentially for exclusive contract in the Canadian medical market. they programmed the plants to produce no more than 6% thc (which is super low), and to not be open-pollinating (like all Monsanto seeds). in either case, GMO crops have been proven to be unstable genes and have had little, if any, testing as for their safety.
 

RRLBT420

Active Member
There is still a big difference between selecting two different males and females because they have certain traits, and changing their genetic code. The former is requires you to change the DNA code of a living organism, and by doing that you can never be certain of what will actually occur. If cannabis were to be legalized you can be sure that the same methods of cultivation that are used with corn today will be used with cannabis. I am not completely against genetic engineering, I just think that its wide spread use in the industrial sector should be stopped till we have a understanding of it. Today scientist barely understand the genetic code, so how can scientist believe that they can change the code for any living species without having harmful consequences. We are decades away from even coming close to the dream of doing this in a responsible fashion. One of the main reasons that few seed banks contain a majority of the strains is related the fact that it is still considered a illegal substance in much of the world. I believe with just legalizing it would allow different strains to cross country borders. We do not need to rush into genetic engineering, cannabis while a wonderful plant, is not worth using a science that is barely understood and still needs decades before we can properly use it in a responsible manner.
glad to see somebody using his head
 

rollinronan

Well-Known Member
You do need to store bacteria in a -80 freezer but you don't use liquid N2 you use glycerol in a 15% final concentration. Another thing you mentioned is the use of viruses for transgenics and how this increases viral resistance to drugs in the environment. I do not use viruses for this, I use Agrobacterium and its ability to insert foreign DNA into a host.
liquid N is the key component of the -80 freezer and glycerol is a preservative just like using DMSO at 5% final conc.

@ northernhights i agree with dontexisi21 transgenic plants can do far substantial amounts of damage to the natural ecosystem not to mention getting to the cannabis cup and somone asking questions about you licence for producing GMOs and your containment procedures....you could get landed in a deep pile of trouble that you just dont want and messing with DNA has extremly unpredictable side effects

i think it would make a nice study but not on a commercial scale

in general breeding out the most potent strains is the way to go....
 

WadeZilla

Member
liquid N is the key component of the -80 freezer and glycerol is a preservative just like using DMSO at 5% final conc.
I understand that liquid N2 is what refrigerates a -80, but that's not the only part of his comments that I disagreed with. I believe that it is possible to have GM Cannabis crops considering that it is not a food staple. Most crops, especially indoor crops, could be contained in the growing process and once harvested, are not risks for releasing unstable genetics into the environment. My argument was that it is not that difficult or as dangerous as it is stated to create/introduce GM Cannabis. If anything, the genetic studies alone would help us to understand the underpinnings of the psychoactive and medicinal products of the plant and therefore led to more effective Cannabis around the world.
 

RRLBT420

Active Member
I understand that liquid N2 is what refrigerates a -80, but that's not the only part of his comments that I disagreed with. I believe that it is possible to have GM Cannabis crops considering that it is not a food staple. Most crops, especially indoor crops, could be contained in the growing process and once harvested, are not risks for releasing unstable genetics into the environment. My argument was that it is not that difficult or as dangerous as it is stated to create/introduce GM Cannabis. If anything, the genetic studies alone would help us to understand the underpinnings of the psychoactive and medicinal products of the plant and therefore led to more effective Cannabis around the world.
again, whether it's easy or not, GM cannabis seeds were already produced by Monsanto at the University of Mississippi. i still think it's the worst idea in growing.
 

Alex Kelly

Active Member
If you are not familiar with how genetic engineerng works, and why it is dangerous and should not be applied to cannabis, or anything that you ingest, go on Hulu and watch "Th Future of Food." Near the beginning of the documentary, they go over how Monsanto uses genetic engineering to produce the corn that we all eat today. They use two viruses, one of them being Ecoli, to "inject" the chosen genes into the host cells. Check it out it scares me.
 

RRLBT420

Active Member
If you are not familiar with how genetic engineerng works, and why it is dangerous and should not be applied to cannabis, or anything that you ingest, go on Hulu and watch "Th Future of Food." Near the beginning of the documentary, they go over how Monsanto uses genetic engineering to produce the corn that we all eat today. They use two viruses, one of them being Ecoli, to "inject" the chosen genes into the host cells. Check it out it scares me.
one large danger is their "teminator seeds" potentially spreading the gene across plant species, giving it the potential to completely wipe out all food. think about that, they have the power to literally starve the world, and really no way to contain it if it were to happen.
 

RRLBT420

Active Member
not to mention how a couple years ago it was made public that Monsanto was the creator of Agent Orange, which would already concern me that a company like that produces any food crops whatsoever.
 

Alex Kelly

Active Member
one large danger is their "teminator seeds" potentially spreading the gene across plant species, giving it the potential to completely wipe out all food. think about that, they have the power to literally starve the world, and really no way to contain it if it were to happen.
Exactly. And that's what they want because if one of their pantented types of corn (or any other crop) starts to spread accross the world wiping out all other species of corn then their corn would be the only corn left and they would own every ear of corn in the world because the have patented the genetics and they would control the whole market of the corn crop. Not to mention it is dangerous in regards to our health. And what if these engineered genes are transferred to an animal? Do they own the animal now? Or even better, a human...
 

RRLBT420

Active Member
another concern is that if you can play with the genes of the plant, you could control what chemicals it produces. the E. Coli bacteria have also been engineered to produce biodiesel as their excretions. if they can change genes to produce biodiesel, think about this. Appleseeds contain cyanide, a well-known poison. if they could find the gene that causes cyanide production in the seeds, they could theoretically use the GM technology to produce toxic corn, or any other plant for that matter. since there's no regulation or testing of their products, there really wouldn't be much we could do about it before it was too late.
 

C.Indica

Well-Known Member
I have only one thing to say, and that is;
It looks like your seedling has damping off, also sitting in a box of water = stagnant air, stagnant water, mold and bacterial colonies have developed.
I don't know what your plan was, but that is a horrible way to grow a plant.
 
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