What atrocities has the US government committed?

[pnwmystery]

I Ask my self why should they get any different treatment then my self i mean they are tax exempt, have dual citizen ship, poach all year round, and ask for hand outs non stop they cry they been wronged see the problem is PAramount pictures had it all wrong when they made cowboy and indian movies
One thing i give americans credit for is when the natives blocked or cause havoc tey bring in the national guard give them deadline to leave or they slaughter them way it really should be up here in Canada quebec incident comes to mind where they shot n killed a cop if this happened in usa they be all killed end of story

This hasn't happened since like the 1800s. If you're talking about the Wounded Knee Incident, what a cluster fuck and mismanagement by the U.S. government. Moreover when Frank Fools Crow flew to New York to address the UN this was actually the start of the Indigenous People's Movement, where the UN began to recognize the plight of indigenous people more and more (but they would not address Native American issues until recently). Then there's the fact that Leonard Peltier was probably innocent. I was pretty much 100% behind you until that last sentence, and then the following statements...

But the moral of the story is they deserve nothing they were not the first to be on this land if you want to get technical
For a long time, it's been generally accepted by most archeologists that the first humans in North America were people who walked across a land-bridge from Siberia to Alaska about 15,000 years ago. This was at a time of lower sea levels during the last ice age. They made their way down the continent from North to South through an ice-free corridor east of the Rocky Mountains. The descendants of those first people left behind some of the oldest artifacts found in North America - distinct stone tools and spear points from 13,000 years ago. They're known as the Clovis culture, and they are considered to be the ancestors of all the indigenous peoples living in North and South America today.

But there's another theory that challenges the accepted archeological evidence: a theory that proposes the idea that Stone Age Europeans, known as Solutreans, paddled across the North Atlantic to North America, pre-dating Clovis by thousands of years. The proponents of this theory argue that the Salutreans actually gave rise to the Clovis culture

Of course Europeans arrived before the Colvis culture... wait, what? This is a pretty eurocentric view of history that plays waaaay too well into Manifest Destiny and all that; the mighty Anglo marching across the United States, claiming his rightfully deserved, God given land and all that - complete utter garbage in my opinion. If you want to get technical, Native Americans were here first. That is a fact - even if some European homo erectus crossed over the Atlantic they would be so divergent from the whites that came here during colonization that it wouldn't even matter.

Native Americans certainly didn't deserve all the infected blankets we gave them, the rape of their women and the attempts to utterly destroy their culture. I feel like the blatant genocide that the U.S. government perpetrated against the Native Americans and slavery are two of our darkest moments. We forced them onto undesirable land, forced them from their traditional homes, sometimes even marched them almost completely across the nation. The state of some reservations is an absolute disgrace to the Bureau of Indian Affairs; people had to sue the Department of the Interior due to mismanagement of tribal land trusts by the BIA.

 

[OddBall1st]

pretty much everything imaginable and people think hitler was crazy or evil USA tops him tri fold
lets look only country to ever use a nuke in a war funny and they want other countries to dis arm there nukes WTF lol

The indiscriminate use of bombs by the US, usually outside a declared war
situation, for wanton destruction, for no military objectives, whose
targets and victims are civilian populations, or what we now call
"collateral damage."

Japan (1945)
China (1945-46)
Korea & China (1950-53)
Guatemala (1954, 1960, 1967-69)
Indonesia (195
Cuba (1959-61)
Congo (1964)
Peru (1965)
Laos (1964-70)
Vietnam (1961-1973)
Cambodia (1969-70)
Grenada (1983)
Lebanon (1983-84)
Libya (1986)
El Salvador (1980s)
Nicaragua (1980s)
Iran (1987)
Panama (1989)
Iraq (1991-2000)
Kuwait (1991)
Somalia (1993)
Bosnia (1994-95)
Sudan (199
Afghanistan (199
Pakistan (199
Yugoslavia (1999)
Bulgaria (1999)
Macedonia (1999)

US Use of Chemical & Biological Weapons
The US has refused to sign Conventions against the development and use of
chemical and biological weapons, and has either used or tested (without
informing the civilian populations) these weapons in the following
locations abroad:

Bahamas (late 1940s-mid-1950s)
Canada (1953)
China and Korea (1950-53)
Korea (1967-69)
Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia (1961-1970)
Panama (1940s-1990s)
Cuba (1962, 69, 70, 71, 81, 96)

And the US has tested such weapons on US civilian populations, without
their knowledge, in the following locations:

Watertown, NY and US Virgin Islands (1950)
SF Bay Area (1950, 1957-67)
Minneapolis (1953)
St. Louis (1953)
Washington, DC Area (1953, 1967)
Florida (1955)
Savannah GA/Avon Park, FL (1956-5
New York City (1956, 1966)
Chicago (1960)

And the US has encouraged the use of such weapons, and provided the
technology to develop such weapons in various nations abroad, including:

Egypt
South Africa
Iraq

US Political and Military Interventions since 1945
The US has launched a series of military and political interventions since
1945, often to install puppet regimes, or alternatively to engage in
political actions such as smear campaigns, sponsoring or targeting
opposition political groups (depending on how they served US interests),
undermining political parties, sabotage and terror campaigns, and so forth.
It has done so in nations such as

China (1945-51)
South Africa (1960s-1980s)

France (1947)
Bolivia (1964-75)

Marshall Islands (1946-5
Australia (1972-75)

Italy (1947-1975)
Iraq (1972-75)

Greece (1947-49)
Portugal (1974-76)

Philippines (1945-53)
East Timor (1975-99)

Korea (1945-53)
Ecuador (1975)

Albania (1949-53)
Argentina (1976)

Eastern Europe (1948-56)
Pakistan (1977)

Germany (1950s)
Angola (1975-1980s)

Iran (1953)
Jamaica (1976)

Guatemala (1953-1990s)
Honduras (1980s)

Costa Rica (mid-1950s, 1970-71)
Nicaragua (1980s)

Middle East (1956-5
Philippines (1970s-90s)

Indonesia (1957-5
Seychelles (1979-81)

Haiti (1959)
South Yemen (1979-84)

Western Europe (1950s-1960s)
South Korea (1980)

Guyana (1953-64)
Chad (1981-82)

Iraq (1958-63)
Grenada (1979-83)

Vietnam (1945-53)
Suriname (1982-84)

Cambodia (1955-73)
Libya (1981-89)

Laos (1957-73)
Fiji (1987)

Thailand (1965-73)
Panama (1989)

Ecuador (1960-63)
Afghanistan (1979-92)

Congo (1960-65, 1977-7
El Salvador (1980-92)

Algeria (1960s)
Haiti (1987-94)

Brazil (1961-64)
Bulgaria (1990-91)

Peru (1965)
Albania (1991-92)

Dominican Republic (1963-65)
Somalia (1993)

Cuba (1959-present)
Iraq (1990s)

Indonesia (1965)
Peru (1990-present)

Ghana (1966)
Mexico (1990-present)

Uruguay (1969-72)
Colombia (1990-present)

Chile (1964-73)
Yugoslavia (1995-99)

Greece (1967-74)

US Perversions of Foreign Elections
The US has specifically intervened to rig or distort the outcome of foreign
elections, and sometimes engineered sham "demonstration" elections to ward
off accusations of government repression in allied nations in the US sphere
of influence. These sham elections have often installed or maintained in
power repressive dictators who have victimized their populations. Such
practices have occurred in nations such as:

Philippines (1950s)
Italy (1948-1970s)
Lebanon (1950s)
Indonesia (1955)
Vietnam (1955)
Guyana (1953-64)
Japan (1958-1970s)
Nepal (1959)
Laos (1960)
Brazil (1962)
Dominican Republic (1962)
Guatemala (1963)
Bolivia (1966)
Chile (1964-70)
Portugal (1974-75)
Australia (1974-75)
Jamaica (1976)
El Salvador (1984)
Panama (1984, 89)
Nicaragua (1984, 90)
Haiti (1987, 8
Bulgaria (1990-91)
Albania (1991-92)
Russia (1996)
Mongolia (1996)
Bosnia (199

US Versus World at the United Nations
The US has repeatedly acted to undermine peace and human rights initiatives
at the United Nations, routinely voting against hundreds of UN resolutions
and treaties. The US easily has the worst record of any nation on not
supporting UN treaties. In almost all of its hundreds of "no" votes, the US
was the "sole" nation to vote no (among the 100-130 nations that usually
vote), and among only 1 or 2 other nations voting no the rest of the time.
Here's a representative sample of US votes from 1978-1987:

US Is the Sole "No" Vote on Resolutions or Treaties
For aid to underdeveloped nations
For the promotion of developing nation exports
For UN promotion of human rights
For protecting developing nations in trade agreements
For New International Economic Order for underdeveloped nations
For development as a human right
Versus multinational corporate operations in South Africa
For cooperative models in developing nations
For right of nations to economic system of their choice
Versus chemical and biological weapons (at least 3 times)
Versus Namibian apartheid
For economic/standard of living rights as human rights
Versus apartheid South African aggression vs. neighboring states (2 times)
Versus foreign investments in apartheid South Africa
For world charter to protect ecology
For anti-apartheid convention
For anti-apartheid convention in international sports
For nuclear test ban treaty (at least 2 times)
For prevention of arms race in outer space
For UNESCO-sponsored new world information order (at least 2 times)
For international law to protect economic rights
For Transport & Communications Decade in Africa
Versus manufacture of new types of weapons of mass destruction
Versus naval arms race
For Independent Commission on Disarmament & Security Issues
For UN response mechanism for natural disasters
For the Right to Food
For Report of Committee on Elimination of Racial Discrimination
For UN study on military development
For Commemoration of 25th anniversary of Independence for Colonial Countries
For Industrial Development Decade in Africa
For interdependence of economic and political rights
For improved UN response to human rights abuses
For protection of rights of migrant workers
For protection against products harmful to health and the environment
For a Convention on the Rights of the Child
For training journalists in the developing world
For international cooperation on third world debt
For a UN Conference on Trade & Development

US Is 1 of Only 2 "No" Votes on Resolutions or Treaties
For Palestinian living conditions/rights (at least 8 times)
Versus foreign intervention into other nations
For a UN Conference on Women
Versus nuclear test explosions (at least 2 times)
For the non-use of nuclear weapons vs. non-nuclear states
For a Middle East nuclear free zone
Versus Israeli nuclear weapons (at least 2 times)
For a new world international economic order
For a trade union conference on sanctions vs. South Africa
For the Law of the Sea Treaty
For economic assistance to Palestinians
For UN measures against fascist activities and groups
For international cooperation on money/finance/debt/trade/development
For a Zone of Peace in the South Atlantic
For compliance with Intl Court of Justice decision for Nicaragua vs. US.
**For a conference and measures to prevent international terrorism
(including its underlying causes)
For ending the trade embargo vs. Nicaragua

US Is 1 of Only 3 "No" Votes on Resolutions and Treaties
Versus Israeli human rights abuses (at least 6 times)
Versus South African apartheid (at least 4 times)
Versus return of refugees to Israel
For ending nuclear arms race (at least 2 times)
For an embargo on apartheid South Africa
For South African liberation from apartheid (at least 3 times)
For the independence of colonial nations
For the UN Decade for Women
Versus harmful foreign economic practices in colonial territories
For a Middle East Peace Conference
For ending the embargo of Cuba (at least 10 times)

In addition, the US has:
Repeatedly withheld its dues from the UN
Twice left UNESCO because of its human rights initiatives
Twice left the International Labor Organization for its workers rights
initiatives
Refused to renew the Antiballistic Missile Treaty
Refused to sign the Kyoto Treaty on global warming
Refused to back the World Health Organization's ban on infant formula abuses
Refused to sign the Anti-Biological Weapons Convention
Refused to sign the Convention against the use of land mines
Refused to participate in the UN Conference Against Racism in Durban
Been one of the last nations in the world to sign the UN Covenant on
Political &
Civil Rights (30 years after its creation)
Refused to sign the UN Covenant on Economic & Social Rights
Opposed the emerging new UN Covenant on the Rights to Peace, Development &
Environmental Protection

Training journalists for the developing world,......Really ?

All these bad super atrocities,...yet the only place in the world to get away from ...."it all"....They Come to America.....

All you have indicated is that no body in this world will tell us what to do or how to do it. I like that.

 

[Rob Roy]

What we have done to the Native Americans.......everything else pales in comparison.

When you say "we", I think you might really mean "them". (the people that actually participated in the atrocities) .

If you, as an individual didn't commit any atrocities to Native Americans you are not to blame, therefore not part of the "we" or at least not that "we".

Not harshing on you sir, but it's interesting how many people reflexively say "we" when referring to actions done by others that are on the same nation state "team" they've been assigned to. I sometimes still catch myself doing it, but I've been trying for years to break that habit. For instance some people say, "I've got to go and pay my property taxes", when what they really mean is "I've got to go and pay their (the people with the guns) taxes."

Many Americans have more in common with a peace loving muslim, than they do a war mongering American.

Sorry... Ill kill your kids if it saves my own

False dichotomy in the instance I was referring to.

American children were safe and sound and in no danger of attack from the women and children of Nagasaki and Hiroshima when thug Harry Truman played with his nuclear toys and fried them alive.

I'd reluctantly kill a person actively engaged in trying to kill me, that's known as self defense. Killing a person, a woman, an old man, a child while they sleep in their home is not self defense....it's murder.

 

[Mindmelted]

For instance some people say, "I've got to go and pay my property taxes", when what they really mean is "I've got to go and pay their (the people with the guns) taxes."

No it is MY property tax!

 

[Rob Roy]

No it is MY property tax!

It is YOUR property, (or should be) but the term "property tax" is an oxymoron.

The word property implies control by the owner, ostensibly you. A tax on your property forcibly imposed by an entity that is not the owner is where the oxymoron comes into play. It cannot be "yours" and simultaneously "theirs" to control. They are opposing concepts.

 

[Aeroknow]

Well, give it back if you took all that, geez. I never took anything. Infact, they have taken my money at the tables many times over the years.





I'm proud I squandered many opportunities in life, just so I could grow dope?

Hey spandy,
Do you have any american indian in you?

 

[spandy]

Hey spandy,
Do you have any american indian in you?

No, and I don't want any either, so keep your pants on.

 

[ricky1lung]

It is YOUR property, (or should be) but the term "property tax" is an oxymoron.

The word property implies control by the owner, ostensibly you. A tax on your property forcibly imposed by an entity that is not the owner is where the oxymoron comes into play. It cannot be "yours" and simultaneously "theirs" to control. They are opposing concepts.

I get that. Buuuuttttt.....
If you don't pay your taxes stay the fuck off my street. Taxes build roads and infrastructure and I enjoy a quiet street.

 

[Grandpapy]

Allowed China to manipulate Congress which caused the loss of 4500+ US Personal in order to divert Iraq Oil.

 

[ricky1lung]

Allowing twinkles to fail.
They're too big to fail, now look what's happened.

Everybody's tasted the rainbow and snack world will never be quite the same.

 

[Rob Roy]

I get that. Buuuuttttt.....
If you don't pay your taxes stay the fuck off my street. Taxes build roads and infrastructure and I enjoy a quiet street.

It is entirely possible to fund roads and streets without creating an automatic lien on a persons home and using threats of force and home theft to ensure the payment.

Also, it's not really "your" street, if you can't control how the maintenance of it is funded.

 

[Rob Roy]

It wasn't the wealthy who started a war on pot l. It was a racist self promoting asshole named Anslinger

Don't you just hate those Prohibitionists?

 

[doublejj]

When you say "we", I think you might really mean "them". (the people that actually participated in the atrocities) .

If you, as an individual didn't commit any atrocities to Native Americans you are not to blame, therefore not part of the "we" or at least not that "we".

Not harshing on you sir, but it's interesting how many people reflexively say "we" when referring to actions done by others that are on the same nation state "team" they've been assigned to. I sometimes still catch myself doing it, but I've been trying for years to break that habit. For instance some people say, "I've got to go and pay my property taxes", when what they really mean is "I've got to go and pay their (the people with the guns) taxes."

Many Americans have more in common with a peace loving muslim, than they do a war mongering American.






False dichotomy in the instance I was referring to.

American children were safe and sound and in no danger of attack from the women and children of Nagasaki and Hiroshima when thug Harry Truman played with his nuclear toys and fried them alive.

I'd reluctantly kill a person actively engaged in trying to kill me, that's known as self defense. Killing a person, a woman, an old man, a child while they sleep in their home is not self defense....it's murder.

I have benefited from those atrocities as an American citizen. I cannot divulge myself of that. I must own it. It is we.....

 

[NLXSK1]

That's a load of horse shit. America wanted a war with Japan and took steps to provoke a Japanese attack, a year prior to Pearl Harbor. It's all detailed in the Mcollum memo.

America also intercepted communications of Japan asking Russia to mediate a surrender well before the atomic bombs were dropped. Also nearly every top U.S. Military leader at the time came forward to say Japan was already defeated before the bombing.

Many historians also believe the atomic bombs were dropped as a way to intimidate the Russians.

The idea that it saved more lives than it destroyed is nothing but a feel good excuse to justify one of the worst atrocities in human history.

Worst atrocities?

I think there are lots of atrocities that would be really really offended at this.

The Russians and Chinese have killed hundreds of millions of their people through starvation alone.

Firebombings of many cities far exceeded the death count of either of the bombings.

What people do not realize is that in war, you have to exceed your enemies brutality to win... It is a really ugly business.

 

[Rob Roy]

Worst atrocities?

I think there are lots of atrocities that would be really really offended at this.

The Russians and Chinese have killed hundreds of millions of their people through starvation alone.

Firebombings of many cities far exceeded the death count of either of the bombings.

What people do not realize is that in war, you have to exceed your enemies brutality to win... It is a really ugly business.

When wars happen, the people that started and benefit from the wars never seem to be the ones dying though do they?

 

[BDOGKush]

Worst atrocities?

I think there are lots of atrocities that would be really really offended at this.

The Russians and Chinese have killed hundreds of millions of their people through starvation alone.

Firebombings of many cities far exceeded the death count of either of the bombings.

What people do not realize is that in war, you have to exceed your enemies brutality to win... It is a really ugly business.

I covered the fire bombings and the destruction those campaigns resulted in already and I said one of the worst atrocities, not the worst, this thread is also about American atrocities not Russian or Chinese.

Yes the death toll was less than the fire bombing campaigns but the atomic bomb left the Japanese people with long term health problems and birth defects.

 

[Darth Vapour]

hmm.i dont agree with the bolded and most of my Aboriginal professors would also disagree with that statement

its been unproven..in my opinion and isnt that credible, neat theory though

I find that kinda funny Aboriginal professors with out a doubt would deny oh my god just think for min who has to really prove anything ??? Indians claim they were the first and white man took our land ,, like they say believing in a god with out any direct evidence is more or less idiotic
But Actually there was a while back where new evidence proved this theory you should ask your professor friends whats there excuse this time
A comparison of DNA from 600 modern Native Americans with ancient DNA recovered from a late Stone Age human skeleton from Mal'ta near Lake Baikal in southern Siberia shows that Native Americans diverged genetically from their Asian ancestors around 25,000 years ago, just as the last ice age was reaching its peak.
The Bering Land Bridge, also known as central part of Beringia, is thought to have been up to 600 miles wide. Based on evidence from sediment cores drilled into the now submerged landscape, it seems that here and in some adjacent regions of Alaska and Siberia the landscape at the height of the last glaciation 21,000 years ago was shrub tundra – as found in Arctic Alaska today.
Based on archaeological evidence, humans did not survive the last ice age’s peak in northeastern Siberia, and yet there is no evidence they had reached Alaska or the rest of the New World either. While there is evidence to suggest northeast Siberia was inhabited during a warm period about 30,000 years ago before the last ice age peaked, after this the archaeological record goes silent, and only returns 15,000 years ago, after the last ice age ended.
So where did the ancestors of the Native Americans go for 15,000 years, after they split from the rest of their Asian relatives? ask them that Sunny

The last ice age ended and the land bridge began to disappear beneath the sea, some 13,000 years ago. Global sea levels rose as the vast continental ice sheets melted, liberating billions of gallons of fresh water. As the land bridge flooded, the entire Beringian region grew more warm and moist, and the shrub tundra vegetation spread rapidly, out-competing the steppe-tundra plants that had dominated the interior lowlands of Beringia.

While this spelled the end of the woolly mammoths and other large grazing animals, it probably also provided the impetus for human migration. As retreating glaciers opened new routes into the continent, humans travelled first into the Alaskan interior and the Yukon, and ultimately south out of the Arctic region and toward the temperate regions of the Americas. The first definitive archaeological evidence we have for the presence of people beyond Beringia and interior Alaska comes from this time, about 13,000 years ago.

Remember EVIDENCE not hypothesis

These people are called Paleoindians by archaeologists. The genetic evidence records mutations in mitochondrial DNA passed from mother to offspring that are present in today’s Native Americans but not in the Mal'ta remains. This indicates a population isolated from the Siberian mainland for thousands of years, who are the direct ancestors of nearly all of the Native American tribes in both North and South America – the original “first peoples”. i guess this where indians came from huh so there is Evidence not guesses guess what these so called indians are European no different then ukrainians , russians germans what have you so as for land its everyones not white man took our land

And then i ask my self the resemblance of east asians and Indians not much yeah think eskimo's , native Indians and Chinese as well as Siberians look pretty close to the same to me You see a difference ????

 

[sunni]

I find that kinda funny Aboriginal professors with out a doubt would deny oh my god just think for min who has to really prove anything ??? Indians claim they were the first and white man took our land ,, like they say believing in a god with out any direct evidence is more or less idiotic
But Actually there was a while back where new evidence proved this theory you should ask your professor friends whats there excuse this time
A comparison of DNA from 600 modern Native Americans with ancient DNA recovered from a late Stone Age human skeleton from Mal'ta near Lake Baikal in southern Siberia shows that Native Americans diverged genetically from their Asian ancestors around 25,000 years ago, just as the last ice age was reaching its peak.
The Bering Land Bridge, also known as central part of Beringia, is thought to have been up to 600 miles wide. Based on evidence from sediment cores drilled into the now submerged landscape, it seems that here and in some adjacent regions of Alaska and Siberia the landscape at the height of the last glaciation 21,000 years ago was shrub tundra – as found in Arctic Alaska today.
Based on archaeological evidence, humans did not survive the last ice age’s peak in northeastern Siberia, and yet there is no evidence they had reached Alaska or the rest of the New World either. While there is evidence to suggest northeast Siberia was inhabited during a warm period about 30,000 years ago before the last ice age peaked, after this the archaeological record goes silent, and only returns 15,000 years ago, after the last ice age ended.
So where did the ancestors of the Native Americans go for 15,000 years, after they split from the rest of their Asian relatives? ask them that Sunny

The last ice age ended and the land bridge began to disappear beneath the sea, some 13,000 years ago. Global sea levels rose as the vast continental ice sheets melted, liberating billions of gallons of fresh water. As the land bridge flooded, the entire Beringian region grew more warm and moist, and the shrub tundra vegetation spread rapidly, out-competing the steppe-tundra plants that had dominated the interior lowlands of Beringia.

While this spelled the end of the woolly mammoths and other large grazing animals, it probably also provided the impetus for human migration. As retreating glaciers opened new routes into the continent, humans travelled first into the Alaskan interior and the Yukon, and ultimately south out of the Arctic region and toward the temperate regions of the Americas. The first definitive archaeological evidence we have for the presence of people beyond Beringia and interior Alaska comes from this time, about 13,000 years ago.

Remember EVIDENCE not hypothesis

These people are called Paleoindians by archaeologists. The genetic evidence records mutations in mitochondrial DNA passed from mother to offspring that are present in today’s Native Americans but not in the Mal'ta remains. This indicates a population isolated from the Siberian mainland for thousands of years, who are the direct ancestors of nearly all of the Native American tribes in both North and South America – the original “first peoples”. i guess this where indians came from huh so there is Evidence not guesses guess what these so called indians are European no different then ukrainians , russians germans what have you so as for land its everyones not white man took our land

And then i ask my self the resemblance of east asians and Indians not much yeah think eskimo's , native Indians and Chinese as well as Siberians look pretty close to the same to me You see a difference ???? View attachment 3502587View attachment 3502588 View attachment 3502590 View attachment 3502591

Just because someone disagrees politely with you doesn't mean you need to create an argument
It's ok to disagree
You have your opinion i happen to disagree with it
Only because I study aboriginal history for the last 2 years and my professors made me change my opinion on such subject

No I'm not asking them questions for you lol

 

[Darth Vapour]

Sunny sorry did not mean to make it a argument not at all can we not agree to disagree i mean do you believe we all came from AFRICA and human race got free rides from aliens into different regions of the planet

 

[sunni]

Sunny sorry did not mean to make it a argument not at all can we not agree to disagree i mean do you believe we all came from AFRICA and human race got free rides from aliens into different regions of the planet

Don't forget about the Flying Spaghetti Monster