Bubble and ice wax and anything with water (including gumby hash where the trichs are allowed to sink to the bottom and the weed/ plant material is skimmed off rather than filtering the mix) are grades/ methods of making ice water hash. The idea here is to not solvents since water does not dissolve THC and the mixing with water is a method of gathering trichomes that uses low temps to break the trichs off of the plant material and then filter/ separate the sizes/ grades of trichomes.
Screen hash is kief where the trichs are gathered dry either with a screen or dry ice (same idea as ice water: make it cold) it is a powder that can be pressed and can be from light yellow/ blonde to brown depending on the amount of plant matter other then trichs in the hash.
Oil is where a solvent is used to dissolve the thc, cbd, terpines and such and then the solvent is evaporated/ removed when made properly. The solvent can be as said any of the *tanes (butane is very popular), alcohol which includes isopropyl (rubbing alcohol) and ethanol (drinking alcohol), and super critical C02. Where the C02 and weed are under high pressure and the C02 becomes a liquid (rather than a solid or gas like it is at normal atmospheric pressure) then when it is back to atmospheric pressure the C02 turns to a gas and leaves the solution leaving the oil. Anything that dissolves THC in solution can be used as a solvent. But solvents can lead to more than just oil there are other forms such as wax where it is whipped to varying degrees and consistencies, shatter where the hash will be brittle and breaks and probably some others types that I do not know much about. I believe a powder hash can also be made with some process involving a solvent.
Solvent hashes are inherently dangerous to make and consume if not done properly. They are also damn tasty and can be very high in THC, even up to ~75%. Almost every solvent used is flammable and most also should also not be consumed (ethanol/ drinking alcohol is an exception to this and is safe to consume at least orally- to the stomach - assuming food grade or better ethanol was used) and so the solvents must be removed/ purged from the mix in order for the hash to be safe for consumption.
I have not heard the term jelly hash before but I agree with budbro that it is most likely iso.